Chapter 16 - Role of natural cellulose and hydrogel matrices in stem cell therapy of diabetic foot ulcer

Abstract

Foot-related ailments such as diabetic ulcer formation as well as bacterial foot infections are a common, complex, and costly problem that will almost certainly increase in prevalence in the near future. The treatment of diabetic foot ulcers is multifaceted, has a prolonged period, and requires multidisciplinary clinical interventions. The significance of molecular and genetic therapy for diabetic foot ulcer wound therapy has not yet been fully explored. In relation to standard revascularization intercessions including angioplasty, stenting, atherectomy, and vascular bypass grafting, an elevated frequency of amputation endures. In this review, we have summarized therapeutic strategies for diabetic foot ulcer management, predominantly pivoting on various stem cell therapies in conjugation with biomaterial and tissue-engineered scaffolds. In addition, the report stresses the importance of developing novel therapeutic options like stem cell therapy as an alternative to conventional approaches. Stem cell therapy intends to increase revascularization and attenuates limb ischemia or progress wound healing, by stimulating angiogenesis, promoting new optimism for diabetic foot ulcer treatment. Regenerative medicine approaches (the use of biological scaffolds) are alternative therapeutic options that support and promote structural and functional remodeling of injured tissues and assist in the rapid restoration of normal skin architecture.