Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a deadly disease that is not amenable to any of the currently available treatment modalities. PC harbors a complex signaling that has both genetic and epigenetic origin. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that are recognized to epigenetically modulate gene expression by weakly binding to the 3′ translated region of target mRNAs. A number of microRNAs have been recognized to be expressed aberrantly in PC. These findings have led researchers to aggressively pursue miRNAs for diagnostic and therapeutic markers in PC. Both identification and targeting of miRNAs is not straightforward, however, because each miRNA can modulate hundreds of different genes which in turn can influence an exponential number of different targets. In recent years, there has been a consensus that the complexity of miRNAs requires holistic approaches involving systems and computational components to tease out the specific target of each miRNA, which appear to be context dependent. This chapter comprehensively evaluates the importance of miRNAs in PC and how computational biology, particularly systems and network biology, can help prioritize miRNAs for diagnostic and therapeutic benefits.
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