Abstract

This chapter discusses hepatic infections. Viruses that cause hepatitis include hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis non-A, non-B virus, yellow fever virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein–Barr virus, and herpes simplex. All of these viruses may cause subclinical hepatitis infections and illness associated with hepatitis. Hepatitis A particularly occurs in parts of the world where there are inadequate sewage disposal measures or poor standards of food hygiene. Recent serological studies have indicated that the great majority of hepatitis A infections are either subclinical or associated with only a relatively mild illness without jaundice. Hepatitis B virus is characteristically spread by the parenteral route rather than the fecal-oral route. There are several major differences between hepatitis caused by the hepatitis A virus and the hepatitis B virus. Epidemic spread of hepatitis B in the general community is relatively rare but occurs commonly with hepatitis A.

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