Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of biological staining. Biological material is stained to render the different constituents of tissues and cells more readily visible. Stains are made from dyes and are classified into two groups, natural and synthetic, of which the latter greatly outnumber the former. They are further subdivided into basic, acid, and neutral dyes. The chapter discusses some natural dyes. Hematoxylin is a dye derived by ether extraction from the wood of the Mexican tree hematoxylin campechianum. Cochineal is one of the older histological dyes. Synthetic dyes are usually referred to as aniline dyes because the first ones produced artificially were derived from aniline. Dyes may be considered as having microanatomical orcytological staining properties such as microanatomical stains, cytological stains, negative staining, metachromatic staining, and indirect staining.
Published Version
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