Abstract
Ionic Liquids (ILs) are salts in a liquid state below 100°C and are comprised of organic/inorganic cation and anion. They are referred as “Green” solvents because of their remarkable properties like high thermal stability, very low vapor pressure, adjustable viscosity and water miscibility. The various combinations of anions and cations have been used to obtain tailored ionic liquid which can be tuned for specific desired properties. This tunable and designer solvent property of ILs have extensively been used in wide range of applications in various industries. The physicochemical properties of ILs depend upon the nature and the size of the constituent cation and its anionic counterpart. The knowledge of these properties helps in understanding intermolecular interactions and develop better IL mixtures for industrially relevant processes. This chapter summarizes various physicochemical properties like thermodynamic, excess, transport, optical, interfacial and allied properties of ILs.
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