Abstract
This article covers the general systematics, phylogenetic relationships, distribution and diversity of freshwater nematodes. Also included are synopses on the biology, external and internal anatomy, physiology, reproduction and feeding behavior of this widespread group of aquatic invertebrates. Discussions of their ecology include dispersal and macro and micro habitats, as well as physiological constraints, especially in regards extreme and specialized habitats. Also covered are predators and parasites of freshwater nematodes. Aside from free-living representatives, stages of invertebrate and vertebrate parasitic nematodes, especially members of the family Mermithidae, are also included. For those interested in collecting and maintaining freshwater nematodes in the laboratory, sections on sampling, extraction, fixing, mounting and culturing are also presented. Many of the areas discussed here could just as well pertain to brackish water nematodes as well as marine nematodes.
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