Abstract
Xylanases are hydrolytic enzymes with a variety of industrial uses. This class of enzymes degrades the β-1,4 glycosidic bonds that hold the xylose monomer in the complex xylan polysaccharide in the plant cell wall. Cellulase-free xylanases have a significant role in pulp biobleaching and are used as an alternative for toxic chlorinated compounds that cause environmental pollution and disease. In this chapter, the types and sources of microbial xylanases, isolation and screening of microbial xylanase, characteristics of xylanolytic microorganisms, mechanism of xylanase enzyme, enzyme assays determining xylanase activity, factors affecting xylanase production, statistical approaches to determine the factors that affect xylanase production, applications of microbial xylanases, and biocomputational studies related to xylanase enzymes are discussed.
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