Abstract
The chapter describes the drug and multidrug resistance (MDR) in waterborne pathogens: occurrence of bacteria species with drug resistance and multiresistance represented in water environments, drug resistance mechanism, genes in resistance and multiresistance, and tools for resistant and multiresistant determination. The occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria limits the antibiotics treatment and, as resistant bacteria turn into more predominant, there is growing concern that available antibiotics will be ineffective against these. Antimicrobial (multi)resistant bacteria are present in various water sources. MDR is an important issue emerging in human health. The increasing number of antibiotics usage or improper usage causes a direct increase in waterborne pathogens drug resistance and moreover in MDR. Thus, the emergence of bacteria resistant to antibiotics in aquatic environments is a key issue, especially for habitants from low-income countries.
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