Abstract

A major impediment to the control of cancer is the presence and evolutionary development of drug resistance. Expression of the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is associated in many tumor types with reduced overall survival. YY1 can reduce the expression of proteins whose actions lead to tumor cell death, for example, BIM; however, it can also increase the levels of proteins, which cause tumor cell death, for example, BAX. YY1 interacts with multiple histone deacetylase proteins, causing general transcriptional repression, but it can also interact with the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensing transcription factor ATF6 causing expression of the protective chaperone GRP78 to be enhanced. This chapter will discuss the molecular mechanisms by which tumor cells act to preserve their viability in the face of therapeutic interventions and will then integrate YY1 biology into these complex processes.

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