Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the management of patients with cancer, achieving better clinical results with limited side effects compared with conventional therapies, but in a limited subset of patients. Among these approaches, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy directly counteracts cancer-associated immunosuppression, disrupting the negative signaling provided by checkpoints and allowing antitumor responses. Despite that the tumor eradication has been classically linked to the activity of CD8+ T cells and NK cells, the efficacy of ICB therapy is usually attributed to T lymphocytes. Herein, we discuss the state-of-the-art checkpoint modulators, highlighting their impact on the immune function, and whether NK cells play a relevant part in the clinical response of ICB therapy.
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