Abstract
Water and nitrogen (N) are among the key inputs affecting crop production. The interaction between water and N is obvious; however the underlying mechanisms have yet to be comprehensively described. Adequate water supply is critical for full utilization of the benefits of available N, and vice-versa. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in crops remains low despite significant research efforts, which has led to the excessive usage of N fertilizer and resulted in economic losses and environmental pollution. Among different approaches to increase NUE, improving N uptake is quite important, which interacts with soil water availability by affecting crop growth, leaf elongation, stomatal conductance, and photosynthesis. Here, an insight into the mechanisms of the interaction between soil water availability and N supply is provided. Genetic and agronomic approaches for improving NUE in crops under water constraint environments are also described.
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