Chapter 13 - The Internet of Things and Its Applications

Abstract

This chapter presents the protocol for the Internet of Things (IoT), its analytics and its application. Data collection is important for the IoT, but battery energy is limited for most sensor devices; therefore, in order to prolong the usage of a battery, a light protocol for device-to-device is necessary. In this chapter we shall discuss two protocols: MQ telemetry transport (MQTT) and constrained application protocol (CoAP). MQTT and CoAP are suitable for the IoT because they both reduce the size of the network packet. In addition, they both reduce the overloading of the network bandwidth, save battery power and storage space, reduce the amount of data the CPU operates, and significantly improve the life cycle of the IoT. As more and more devices are connected, a massive amount of data is generated by a wide range of sources. However, this mass of data may not have much meaningful value unless we can find an effective way to analyze and understand it. Big data analytics are expected to offer promising solutions. We shall discuss some major techniques, such as statistics, Naïve Bayesian models, artificial neuron networks, conditional random fields, decision trees, and support vector machines, and use island-based genetic algorithms to classify and extract meaning from a huge volume of data generated from the IoT. Finally, we shall use intelligent transportation systems and intelligent manufacturing systems as examples.