Chapter 13 - Role of nanoparticles in bioimaging, diagnosis and treatment of cancer disorder

Abstract

A wide range of synthetic and nonsynthetic nanoparticles are involved in various biomedical applications, such as bioimaging of cellular systems, diagnosis, and treatment of various disorders. In addition, the engineered nanoparticle has multiple applications in various biomedical fields, such as drug and gene delivery, biosensor actions, diagnosis of disease, and treatment of cancer. Nanoparticles have dimensions of 1–100nm. Therefore, they interact and/or compete for the cellular and molecular components of a biological system including cancer cells. This biological interacting property helps in the early detection of diseases such as cancer, diabetes and neurovascular disorders. The biomedical imaging system also supports the identification of different cancer cell properties with increasing specific selectivity and reduction of nonspecific cellular uptake. This is due to the high spatial resolution of nanoparticles with targeted ligands. The overview of this chapter helps in the understanding of nanoparticle usage in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer disorders.