Abstract
Considering the drawbacks and potential side effects of conventional drug therapy in infectious diseases, a rapidly emerging trend nowadays is represented by the development and promotion of novel drug-based systems, in order to provide targeted and controlled delivery of therapeutic agents. Due to their high biocompatibility and excellent properties (high surface/volume ratio, tunable physical and chemical features, versatile functional surfaces that allow the binding of hydrophilic or hydrophobic compounds, and easy functionalization), poly(dl-lactic acid) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) polymers have been intensively studied and they have proved to be excellent carriers for the transport, delivery, and controlled release of a large variety of drugs and other categories of bioactive substances, as well as scaffolds for soft and hard tissue regeneration. Despite the extensive research on biodegradable polymers containing different active compounds, many important aspects still need further investigation, in order to understand the role of the key parameters influencing their mechanical properties, stability, biodistribution, degradation and release rate, and toxicity, to be able to select the most appropriate composition and formulation dedicated to short-term or long-term clinical applications.
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