Abstract
Natural dyes and pigments are colorants derived from plants, insects, or minerals. However, most natural colorants are extracted from plants or vegetable sources, such as leaves, flowers, stems, barks, seeds, roots, etc. The food, cosmetics, and textile industries are the major users of natural dyes and pigments. Natural dyes have several advantages over synthetic dyes. Natural colorants are eco-friendly, biocompatible, nonallergenic, and nontoxic. Natural colorants can be classified according to their chemical structure, such as indigoid, anthraquinone, flavonoid, carotenoid, pyridine, tannin, and quinoid. The unique chemical formations of natural colorants are responsible for their inherent functional properties. Most natural dyes and pigments have UV-resistant properties. Besides, some natural dyes can repel moths and insects. Due to their functional characteristics, natural colorants have been employed in different functional finishing, such as antiodor, UV-protective, mosquito-repellent, insect-repellent, and antioxidant textiles. This chapter will discuss the prospects of natural dyes and pigment in functional finishing.
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