Chapter 13 Nanomaterials synthesis from medicinal plant extract

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Synthesis of nanomaterials by plant extracts is the utmost convenient, easy, cost-effective, and ecologically beneficial way which is devoid of the contribution of hazardous chemicals. Hence, a number of environmentally benign methods for the rapid synthesis of nanomaterials have been reported in recent years by employing aqueous extracts of plants. This chapter summarizes the synthesis of medicinal plant-based nanomaterials, plant components involved in its synthesis, and factors affecting nanomaterials’ synthesis process and application. Many phytochemicals found in plants, including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and other metabolites, play a vital role in the production of NMs and have important implications for the development of a variety of purposes. In order to create nanoparticles, various secondary metabolites included in the extracts work as stabilizing and/or reducing agents. Medicinal plant extracts offer a potential method for the production of nanomaterials through safer pathways. This chapter mainly focuses on the recent reports of nanomaterial synthesized by medicinal plant extract. Here, significant and recent developments for diverse biological uses of these plant-based nanomaterials are reviewed together with discussions. Recent developments in nanotechnology, with a focus on medicinal plant extract specifically, offer insight into their use as edible nanoparticles generated from plants. This chapter also briefly covers the application and future prospects of nanomaterials.