Abstract
Optical molecular imaging is important for biomedical research as it allows non-invasive and quantitative imaging of physiological and pathological processes at the cellular and molecular levels in vivo. Recently, X-ray luminescence computed tomography (XLCT) has been proposed as a promising molecular imaging technique due to its excellent performance. Compared with conventional optical imaging modalities, XLCT has the ability to eliminate autofluorescence. In addition, XLCT can provide increased penetration depth in biological tissues. Furthermore, combined with the advances in nanobiomaterials (nanophosphors), more applications are expected in fundamental researches, especially in clinical practice. In this chapter, we will briefly introduce the XLCT imaging system, computational method, and future directions. An overview of the advantages and challenges of the XLCT technique is first described compared with other molecular imaging techniques. Then, the diverse XLCT imaging systems are classified and summarized. Subsequently, the corresponding reconstruction methods are detailed. Finally, we predict an attractive prospect for XLCT and draw conclusions.
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