Chapter 13 - Microbial extracellular polymeric substance and impacts on soil aggregation

Abstract

The creation of biofilms is heavily dependent on extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), which are polymers made up of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA. These can be produced organically using biosynthesizers made from a variety of microbe strains, and the environment strongly influences how these slimes come together. In many circumstances, the extracellular polymeric molecules’ chemical and biological compositions are determined by their carbon source. Two types of EPS have been identified in flocs or biofilms: bound and soluble EPS. By creating a matrix surrounding the microbial cells, EPS creates a shield against substances that restrict microbial development and heavy metals. This is one of the EPS’ most impressive activities. The use of bioremediation, leachate management, soil reclamation, and wastewater treatment also play a significant role in enhancing the natural environment. A variety of mechanisms contribute to the binding of closely spaced primary particles together in soil aggregates. These are the products of plant, animal, and microbial decomposition; the microorganisms themselves; and the microbial synthesis products. EPS formation is also involved in the maintenance of soil structure and aggregation. These are the byproducts of the breakdown of plants, animals, and microbial remnants, as well as the microorganisms themselves and the byproducts of microbial synthesis. The preservation of soil structure and aggregation is also aided by EPS production.