Chapter 12 - Study of Two-Dimensional Phases on Electrodes

Abstract

This chapter discusses the effect of 2–D phases on electrodes. Phase formation processes are very commonplace in nature. Fusion, sublimation, evaporation and crystallization, among others, are well-known examples. When a physicochemical system is subjected to the action of a new thermodynamic variable such as an electric potential, the electric energy involved may, under specific conditions, give rise to phase formation or destruction process that are usually, but not necessarily, associated with electrode reactions. The chapter describes the formation and properties of two-dimensional (2D) ordered states on electrodes. A brief introduction to the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of 2D phase formation processes is followed by a description of the electrochemical techniques most widely used in the study. Finally, a section is devoted to conducting polymers, a family of substances that are arousing increasing interest because of their interesting properties and potential applications.