Abstract
Plant viruses are parasites that infect plants and create great economic loss worldwide, especially agriculture-based countries. The management of virus diseases is still challenging due to the high mutation rate of viral genomes. Virus have different modes of transmission including horizontal and vertical. In horizontal transmission, insect vectors plays a crucial in the transmission of plant viruses. These plant viruses can be of non-persistent, semi-persistent or persistent type, which depends on the acquisition time and the transmitting time. In addition, plant viruses can evolve through high mutation rates and also influence the host plant phenotype for its adaptation and stability. The interactions of plant viruses with their vectors and hosts, and emergence of new virus species is need to be studied. Plant viruses are important entity which influence the ecological community through its interactions with fungi and arthropods. Therefore, in order to study the ecological interactions of plant viruses, it is essential to study its genome in large scale.
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