Abstract
Advances in nanoscience and technology have gifted various nanomaterials for the development of responsive fluorescent and colorimetric sensors. A nanosensor could be used to selectively detect and discriminate different types of chemical, biological, or environmental samples with very high sensitivity. Recently, there has been growing interest for ultrasensitive detection of gaseous signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S) using nanoscale materials. H2S sensors are important due to their important role in various biological processes and therapeutic applications. Among different sensing methods, colorimetric and fluorescent methods are advantageous because such methods could be performed in real time even by a nonexpert, and it may not need any special sample preparation. In this chapter, we describe several colorimetric and fluorescent nanoprobes for the sensitive detection of H2S in biological samples, including fluorescent nanoprobes (organic dyes, quantum dots (QDs), upconversion nanoparticles, and gold nanoparticles) and metal-based nanomaterials for colorimetric sensing. More specifically, we categorize the nanoprobes according to their working principle and method of detection.
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