Chapter 10 - Nanosensors for checking noise of physical agents

Abstract

To monitor noise and human noise behavior in a city, a review of nanosensors for sensing noise of physical agents is performed. For example, monitoring an improved transportation system would not only result in energy conservation and economical affordability but also result in generating less noise⁎. As is the case of increased energy consumption, increased quantities of goods and services result in generation of more noise behavior⁎⁎ in a city. Nanosensors for sensing noise of physical agents (light, sound, heat, fluid, electricity, fire, and the sun) are discussed. With integrated environmental control, these environmental parameters are to be characterized and checked for comfort and wellness, and controlled through various environmental monitoring sensors. The effect of these human behavioral parameters is characterized and measured on a logarithmic noise scale. Sensing and monitoring of human noise behavior from human systems in a city requires real-time informatics capabilities. Sensing capabilities as well as measurement systems for noise can be “in vivo” and “in vitro.” The signals can be classified as bioelectric, biosound sample, biomechanical, bi-chemical, biomagnetic, bio-optic, and bioimpedance depending upon the origin of “stresses and oscillations” in a noise system. A theory on noise-measurement equations due to noise of physical agents is devised. A slide rule for noise measurement is also presented. Noise calculations charts are presented for calculating noises of oncisol, oncisip, and oncibel based on pressure and intensity ratios. Noise-measurement sensing system along with its brief description is also elaborated.