Abstract
The inadequacy of fresh water availability in the agricultural sector has become a severe problem. Coupled with prevailing drought conditions, unavailability of plant essential nutrients has accelerated the food security threat significantly. However, unchecked loading of cadmium (Cd) into the environment due to the extensive use of adulterated fertilizers, sewage, and waste water, and dumping of industrial waste into agri-lands has made the plight of agricultural commodities more critical. Among different heavy metals, Cd is the most toxic, due to its high solubility and mobility in soil-plant systems. It inhibits plant growth and development through several mechanisms. Cd competes with plant essential nutrients (PENs) for uptake and translocation, and adversely affects plants' water status. Cadmium toxicity disturbs plant metabolism because of the restricted uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients. This chapter will discuss, in detail, the effects of Cd toxicity on nutrient uptake by roots and their onward translocation to aerial plant parts. Moreover, this chapter will also discuss possible strategies to offset the harm of Cd toxicity with the use of organic and inorganic amendments, incorporation of plant growth regulators, and the addition of microbial inoculums.
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