Abstract
The use of satellite technology for remote sensing and earth observation is widespread and essential for obtaining useful information on topics like land-use patterns, crops, forests, minerals, water, and various other resources. However, there are regions of the world where satellite imagery/observation is not accessible or available in required resolutions. A possible solution in these cases is to perform localized, small-scale remote sensing. This chapter focuses on the use of tropospheric-stratospheric balloons, which is a relatively cheap method for obtaining remotely sensed data, and analysis of this data. Considering the current trend of a highly connected world with sensor grids spread in wide geographical areas, the interest in balloon platform applications has increased posing new challenges for future applications. As a kind of large-scale unmanned aerial vehicle, a high-altitude balloon can carry a large load up to tens of kilometers in the near space for a long time, which brings a new way for stratosphere atmospheric detection. The measurements of atmospheric aerosols, particulate matters trace gases, meteorological parameters, and study of monsoon convection by remote sensing balloons are given in this chapter. Few results using this balloon remote sensing are as (1) observations and modeling of transportation of tropospheric and stratospheric ozone over India, (2) measurement of the Asian Tropopause Aerosol Layer (BATAL) during the Indian summer monsoon, and (3) measurements of temperature, water vapor, ozone, and aerosol backscatter on the southern slopes of the Himalayas.
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