Abstract
This chapter summarizes the role of Environmental Specimen Banking (ESB), that provides a long-term, carefully controlled, and documented resource that allows the changes in toxic and hazardous chemicals in the environment to be accurately assessed. Several countries have already developed projects relating to ESB to provide systematic collection and long-term storage of representative environmental specimens for future analyses. The Antarctic continent, because of its distance from highly populated areas and very limited biological activity, is an excellent place for research on global change. It is considered as a key part of the “environmental memory” of the earth and is ideal in many ways as a source of baseline data.
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