Abstract
Nutritional abnormalities (NA) are common systemic manifestations of chronic respiratory patients such as in those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). NA and muscle wasting, which may predict mortality in COPD, impair the patients’ physical activity and quality of life. In the chapter, several aspects of NA in COPD patients are being reviewed: the epidemiology, the commonest diagnostic tools, the etiologic factors, muscle protein metabolism and its relationships to exercise, and the currently available therapeutic strategies most frequently used in clinical settings to improve the nutritional status of COPD patients, with a special emphasis on protein and amino acid supplementation and anabolic agents. The NA of other respiratory-related disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, cancer, and critical illness, are also briefly mentioned in the chapter. In summary, specific nutritional intervention together with increments in physical activity and/or exercise training are of interest in clinical settings of patients with chronic respiratory diseases.
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