Chapter 12 - Advances in biodegradable polymer nanocomposites for solar cell applications: current status and future directions

Abstract

This chapter summarizes the various biodegradable polymers/composites investigated for use in solar cells. The synthesis/processing of composites and matrix fabrication will be thoroughly discussed. Given their use as components in solar cells, the various properties of biodegradable polymer composites (BPC) such as optical, structural, mechanical, electrical, ionic conductivity, hydrophobicity, and degradability will be discussed. Growing and doping hole/electron conveying substances, as well as attempts to incorporate quantum dots within the layers, have all been investigated as ways to improve the performance of solar cells. It will be discussed how to improve photoconversion efficiency (PCE), fill factor, and current density. A comparison of results obtained using various BPC as substrates for perovskite and organic solar cells (OSC) is investigated. BPC is an important component of dye-sensitized solar cells as a quasi-solid or gel electrolyte (DSSC). This section summarizes the use of various biopolymers in this direction. Another area of interest in solar cells is organic/perovskite solar cell encapsulation and passivation. This is discussed in terms of PCE and mechanical stability improvements. The scope of improvement in the areas of BPC and potential future directions for motivating the scientific community towards a green environment are predicted.