Abstract
Clay minerals have attracted attention for their use in catalysis as a support for oxides, as ZnO and MoO3, which are promising materials as catalysts for obtaining biodiesel, whether pure, mixed with other oxides, or supported on other materials. This research aimed to study the viability of ZnO and MoO3 synthesis and their deposition on bentonite by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method (MH), using a single synthesis step. Biodiesel synthesis was carried out by employing ethanol and soybean oil. The amount of oxide deposited on the clay varied according to the pH of the synthesis and depended on the oxide, with a greater difficulty in MoO3 crystallization. Despite this, both materials had a synergetic effect in catalytic activity, with an increase in conversion compared to pure bentonite. More than 73% yield was obtained after 4h of reaction at 200°C using ZnO/bentonite, whereas 89% yield was obtained for MoO3/bentonite at the same temperature.
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