Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies in soil have been identified as one of main factors affecting crop yield, food quality, and human health. Soil micronutrient availability to plants is determined by micronutrient contents of soil components such as minerals and organic matters and the influence of different edaphic and biological factors such as pH, redox potential, interaction with coexisting ions, organic matter dynamics, and soil microbiology. Agronomic approaches such as fertilizer application and water management possibly regulate soil micronutrient availability for better plant uptake. The result of an experimental paddy system study showed that the establishment of flooded water conditions increased iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) availability and in contrast decreased zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) availability in the soil. Farmyard manure application significantly increased grain Fe concentration under any water condition compared to control and chemical fertilizer treatments. The concentration of Zn and Cu in grain produced the best results under field capacity water conditions while Mn concentration did not correspond to soil Mn availability.
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