Abstract
Here we discuss the formation and properties of clay–polysaccharide complexes. Cationic and non-ionic polysaccharides are strongly adsorbed by clay minerals and can penetrate the interlayer space of montmorillonite. Anionic polysaccharides are weakly adsorbed and do not intercalate into montmorillonite although appreciable uptake can occur at acid pH, high ionic strength and in the presence of polyvalent cations. All things being equal, polysaccharide adsorption to clay minerals decreases in the order cationic > non-ionic > anionic. Next to humic substances, polysaccharides and glomalin (a glycoprotein) are the most important aggregate-stabilizing agents in soil but their effectiveness is relatively short-lived.
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