Abstract
This chapter reviews the properties and functioning of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal network in the adult mammal. The initial focus is upon the GnRH neuron itself where the neuroanatomical and morphological features of these neurons are considered alongside their electrophysiological properties and their biosynthesis of the GnRH decapeptide. Next, the neuronal and glial cell components of the “GnRH neuronal network” are reviewed with a particular focus upon the roles of GABA, glutamate, GnRH, kisspeptin, neurokinin B, neuropeptide Y, norepinephrine, and RFaminde-related peptides. The substantial heterogeneity displayed by GnRH neurons and mechanisms of pulse and surge generation are considered before examining how the various components of the network function to drive estrous cycles in rodents. Here the feedback actions of estradiol and progesterone are reviewed alongside circadian influences, and an integrated model of GnRH neuron network function is presented.
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