Abstract
The development of DNA-based molecular marker technology is crucial in plant biotechnology and genetic studies since all the biochemical processes, such as production of primary and secondary metabolites, are based on DNA. Secondary metabolites are specific to the particular plant species therefore, accurate identification of plants is essential. DNA-based molecular markers are more suitable for plant species and have several advantages over traditional phenotypic markers. Molecular markers (e.g., AFLP, RFLP, SSR) provide rapid detection of variations or polymorphisms that exist among individuals in the population for specific regions of DNA. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is the most promising technique for plant breeding among DNA marker applications since this technique is cost-effective, rapid, and allows researchers working with large number of samples and wide variety of crosses to be applied in the breeding program. In this chapter, we introduced and discussed the most popular molecular markers which are being used in plant breeding programs, with recent concepts.
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