Chapter 11 - Imide Dyes

Abstract

Imides, as a kind of common electronic-withdrawing group, are often fused with electronic-rich π-conjugated structures, such as perylene, naphthalene, and anthracene, to form different organic dyes such as perylene-3,4-dicarboximides (Keerthi et al., 2012; Li et al., 2009) [1,2] perylene-3,4:9,10-bis(dicarboximides) (Huang et al., 2011; Jiang et al., 2009; Zhen et al., 2010) [3–5], naphthalene-1,8-dicarboximides (Cui et al., 2011) [6], naphthalene-1,4:5,8-bis(dicarboximides) (Yan et al., 2009; Polander et al., 2012) [7,8], and anthracene diimide (Tyson et al., 2008; Mohebbi et al., 2011) [9,10]. The imide dyes were initially developed as industrial dyes because of their excellent chemical, photo, thermal, and weather stability. These imide dyes have been used in wide research areas, including fluorescent sensing and imaging (Bullock et al., 2010) [11] and dye-sensitized solar cells (Erten-Ela and Turkmen, 2011; Imahori et al., 2009; Langhals et al., 2013) [12–14] for their good stability, high electron affinities, and charge transmission ability (Zhan et al., 2011; Chang et al., 2013) [15,16]. This chapter introduces synthesis and application of imide dyes.