Abstract
Europe has relatively uniform rainfall distribution and less water-related disasters when compared with other continents. Even so, desalination plants have been constructed in many places like Greece, London, and Barcelona. In the future, due to climate change and population growth, it is possible that more and more cities may have the water-shortage problem. This chapter investigates the possible coastal reservoirs for capital cities in Europe. It is found that Greece and Italy's water crisis can be well solved by coastal reservoirs, especially for their islands. Spain's water diversion from north to south should connect the coastal reservoirs, not the dams. Coastal reservoirs at the Thames and Seine river mouths can supply sufficient, high-quality water to London and Paris. Compared with dams and desalination plants used in Europe, coastal reservoirs have minimum environmental/social impacts. The Cardiff coastal reservoirs and those in Netherlands have demonstrated their positive impacts for urban regeneration and flood control.
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