Abstract
Bubble nucleation in water is an opposite process to both gas–liquid nucleation in water vapor and freezing in liquid water. It can be divided into cavitation – bubble nucleation induced by decrease in pressure – and boiling or bubble nucleation due to superheating. In this chapter we cover the basic nucleation theory for bubble nucleation together with the key experimental techniques and findings. The role of bubble nucleation in the Earth system and applications of bubble nucleation in water and aqueous solutions are briefly reviewed.
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