Abstract
In the last couple of decades, a high rate of urbanization has been witnessed in developing world creating new urban regions or amalgamating rural areas into adjacent urban agglomerations. These huge urban centers are under the threat from a plethora of number of debilitating effects like water scarcity, poor air quality, and increasing energy consumption. This chapter deals with monitoring and assessing natural ecosystems of areas witnessing urbanization. Rapid reduction in vegetation and water bodies results in higher thermal energy being stored in urban centers than nearby nonurban regions, creating a phenomenon known as Urban Heat Island (UHI).
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