Abstract
The gravity field of the Earth changes in time as a result of changes in the surface mass and the Earth's interior density and structure. The Gravity Field and Climate Explorer (GRACE) mission and the GRACE Follow-On are two known satellite missions for monitoring the temporal variations of the gravity field. To determine such variations, the satellite gravimetry limited to specific time intervals is inverted to recover the gravity field. Comparison of the determined gravity fields between the time intervals delivers the temporal changes of the gravity field. In this chapter, the mathematical foundations relating such variations to changes in hydrological, oceanic surface mass and postglacial rebound; the determination of viscosity; and monitoring earthquakes and gravity strain are presented and discussed.
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