Abstract
Liquid crystallinity was invented in the 19th century. It was sometimes called the fourth state of matter because of the ability of macromolecules to generate liquid crystal phases. The main classification divided liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) into lyotropic and thermotropic types. Interpretation of the rheological behavior of LCP is more complicated than for other polymers. Ordinary polymers are characterized by a normal stress effect in shear flow, which always has a positive sign. There is a visible impact of temperature, solvents, plasticizers, the macromolecular structure, and the average molecular weight on the rheological behavior of LCPs. This chapter approximates and describes the most characteristic rheological behaviors of LCPs.
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