Abstract
Networks are migrating from Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) to Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) offering several advantages, in the recent years. The autoconfiguration capabilities of IPv6 simplify network administration. IPv6 addresses can be autoconfigured in a couple of ways and can include the device's Media Access Control (MAC) address as part of the IP address. Devices can become part of the network in a plug-and-play fashion, not requiring manual intervention. Modifying addresses and renumbering devices is simplified in IPv6. This ability would streamline network migrations such as when changing Internet service providers (ISPs). An IPv6 packet has a much simpler header, consisting of only half the number of fields as in an IPv4 packet's header. The three address types that are used by IPv6 include unicast addresses, multicast addresses, and anycast addresses. Devices communicate with other individual devices by sending packets to the unicast address of the device, which works the same as in IPv4. A unicast address is assigned to a singe interface, such as an individual network interface card on a computer. IPv6 uses multicasting to accomplish many tasks. Multicast addresses are used to send packets to a group of interfaces, such as a group of computers.
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