Abstract
With increasing importance of nanoparticles in pharmaceutical applications, it is desirable that researchers from a wide variety of disciplines become involved to recognize the nature of the often-unexpected challenges associated with synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles, including the difficulties of maintaining desired material properties during handling and processing due to their dynamic nature. Nanoparticles behave differently as the particle size becomes dramatically reduced with respect to the bulk. Nanoparticles’ physical and chemical properties have a high impact on their molecular biology and systemic activities. Therefore, it is necessary to characterize nanoparticles’ physicochemical properties (particle size, shape, structure, chemistry, crystallography, etc.) to qualify nanoparticles for use in pharmaceutical applications. This chapter aims to elaborate on the various characterization parameters used to determine the characteristics of nanoparticles including size, shape, surface morphology, surface charge, biocompatibility, crystallinity, flow characteristics, hygroscopicity, rheology, magnetic properties, porosity, and optical properties.
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