Abstract
An important wastewater management strategy for addressing the freshwater shortfall is zero liquid discharge (ZLD), which maximizes water recovery while minimizing environmental damage. However, ZLD confronts a significant challenge in the absence of a workable membrane-based purification technology that allows direct wastewater recovery without expensive pretreatment operations due to the high concentrations of salts and broad-spectrum pollutants in wastewater. The ZLD, an industrial technique that tries to reduce liquid waste generation while increasing water supply, has lately sparked renewed attention throughout the world. Despite the benefits, such as decreased water pollution and resource extraction from waste, a number of hurdles must be overcome before ZLD may be used more widely. In this chapter, we discuss on essential procedures involved in ZLD, as well as potential concerns and remedies, also the global applicability of ZLD systems for wastewater resource extraction. Finally, this chapter explores the possible environmental consequences of ZLD technology along with some recommendations for further study.
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