Abstract
Today in Israel, phytoplasma diseases are found mainly in vineyards and in deciduous orchards. In the past, phytoplasma diseases were found in several cultivated ornamentals, vegetables, field crops, and fruit trees. Currently, phytoplasma disease is a major problem in vineyards, and recently, new outbursts are found in deciduous fruit orchards. So far, nine phytoplasma ribosomal groups/subgroups were identified on 20 plant species in Israel. “Bois noir” is the main phytoplasma disease found in Israeli vineyards at present. It is associated with the “stolbur” phytoplasma ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’, subgroup 16SrXII-A, tuf b strain, and the primary vector has been identified as Hyalesthes obsoletus. The chapter discusses the updated information of phytoplasma occurrence in different crops in Israel with detail information of about “bois noir” disease.
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