Abstract
This chapter addresses a multivariate method called discriminant analysis (DA) which is used to separate two or more groups. The separation can be carried out based on k variables measured on each sample. Discriminant analysis works by finding one or more linear combinations of the k selected variables. Discriminant analysis (DA) is a multivariate technique used to assign observations to previously defined groups; the grouping variable is usually a categorical variable. DA uses a linear or quadratic function to assign each individual to one of the predefined groups based on k variables measured from each experimental unit (sample). The goal is to identify the contribution of each variable to separating the groups. The concept of discriminant analysis is supported by two real case studies obtained from environmental science. Furthermore, the necessary commands and built-in functions in R are given, with a comprehensive explanation of how to use and interpret the results easily.
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