Chapter 10 - Big Evolutionary Mechanisms of Network Robustness and Signaling Transductivity in Aging and Carcinogenic Process by System Modeling and Database Mining

Abstract

Living organisms are complex systems with emergent system characteristics. Robustness is an important systematic mechanism of biological systems. The network response ability is a complementary system characteristic of network robustness. Unlike studies on the evolution of gene and protein sequences, this chapter investigates the Big Evolutionary Mechanism of network robustness and signal transductivity of biological networks in aging and carcinogenic processes based on system modeling and big database mining using microarray data and next generation sequencing data. First, we measure the evolution of network robustness and response ability of the biological network in the aging process using a system model and microarray data. We found that the network robustness was increased and the network response ability was decreased in the aging or carcinogenic process. Next, based on the measure of robustness of gene regulatory network, we found that leukemic cells showed greater network robustness than nonleukemic cells. We also investigated the evolution of transductivity of signal pathways from normal cells to leukemic cells. Finally, based on the nonlinear Nash game strategy, we discuss the carcinogenic mechanism through a natural selection scheme of the evolutionary biological network.