Abstract
This chapter discusses the connection among thermodynamics, hysteresis, and micromagnetics, with the emphasis on some recent developments that show this connection from a new perspective. It discusses the basic concepts on which the various formulations of equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics are based. The chapter emphasizes only on those aspects where a closer connection to the problems and issues typical of hysteresis can be recognized. In particular, some emphasis is given to non-equilibrium thermodynamic formulations in terms of internal variables. The chapter analyzes idealized model systems for which a relatively general non-equilibrium thermodynamic description can be developed. These systems are ensembles of independent two-level sub-systems (TLS), the two states of each TLS unit being separated by a suitably defined energy barrier hindering spontaneous transitions from one level to the other. Following this, the chapter discusses the onset of hysteresis in micromagnetic systems. The general derivation of the average hysteretic response of the system from the properties of the micromagnetic free energy is a task of prohibitive difficulty for which no general solution is known.
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