Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of stochastic processes, which originated with the evolution of physical phenomena through time. Stochastic processes play an important role in modeling queueing systems. Stochastic processes are classified into four types: (1) discrete-time and discrete-state space, (2) discrete-time and continuous-state space, (3) continuous-time and discrete-state space, and (4) continuous-time and continuous-state space. The chapter illustrates several stochastic processes such as Markov chains, continuous-time Markov chains, birth-and-death processes, the Poisson process, randomization, renewal processes, regenerative processes, Markov renewal processes, and semi-Markov processes.
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