Abstract
Brazilian agriculture has experienced significant growth in the last four decades. Between 1975 and 2010, total agricultural production in Brazil grew fourfold, with an annual average growth rate of 3.7%, making it a top-five producer of 36 commodities globally by 2008. During the same period, aggregate farm input use grew at a much lower rate, and total factor productivity (TFP) growth averaged between 3.0 and 3.4% per year. As a result of impressive productivity gains, Brazil was able to achieve food security, real food prices decreased, households spent a decreasing share of their income on food, and Brazil became one of the main agricultural producers and exporters in the world. This chapter describes the evolution of Brazilian agriculture since 1970, focusing on production growth, the use of farm inputs, productivity gains, and the economic effects of what is largely a success story. This chapter concludes with a sketch of the book.
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