Abstract
The pulp and paper industry has been exploring alternative chemical recovery technologies to replace or augment the conventional Tomlinson boiler system since the 1970s. Among these, black liquor gasification (BLG) has shown some interesting promise. BLG is a process in which a clean synthesis gas is produced from black liquor by converting its biomass content into gaseous energy carrier. The syngas subsequently can be used in boilers or in combined cycle processes (utilizing gas turbines) to generate on-site electricity and/or process steam. The potential advantages of BLG are the greater end use flexibility offered by a gaseous fuel, reduced air pollutant content, and higher electricity-to-heat ratios in combined cycle systems than standard recovery boiler steam turbine systems. The general background of the pulp and paper industry, the pulp and paper making process, kraft pulping process, recovery cycle, and modern kraft mills are presented in this chapter.
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