Abstract
The eukaryotic genome is packaged into the nucleus in the form of chromatin. Beyond a mechanism for packaging, chromatin has evolved as a means for dynamically regulating the genome. At its most basic description, chromatin consists of histone proteins in complex with DNA. Modification of the histone proteins and DNA plays a major role in regulating chromatin structure, and together they form an extensive signaling network. The modification state of chromatin has been found to be responsive to the environment and the metabolic state of the cell, and there is now evidence that some histone and DNA modifications are heritable. Moreover, dysregulation of chromatin signaling pathways underlies a wide range of diseases and disorders, providing a link between the environment and nutrition, gene regulation, and human health and susceptibility to diseases. In this chapter the basics of chromatin signaling pathways are outlined.
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