Chapter 1 - A neoteric swarm intelligence stationed IOT–IWD algorithm for revolutionizing pharmaceutical industry leading to digital health

Abstract

From decades, the distribution and making of pharmaceutical drugs has remained unchanged. But with Internet of Things (IOT), old models have been disrupted and innovation has been spread all across for benefits of manufacturers and patients. In emergency situations, where IOT is built through infrastructure-less mobile ad hoc networks, the routing performance of hybrid Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) plays a very important role. This chapter targets an intelligent water drop (IWD) mechanism for improving the quality of service (QOS) of ZRP, which will detect and monitor conditions of the pharmaceutical supply chain and improve outcomes of patients. This new approach of IOT–IWD will transform and manufacturing, delivery, and consumption of drugs. ZRP is advancing as a productive half and half directing convention with a great possibility inferable from the joining of two drastically unique plans, proactive and receptive, so that a harmony between control overhead and inactivity is accomplished. Different conditions of a system, such as span of the zone, versatility, and organization measurement, affect ZRP execution. The adoption of computers to imitate and analyze the nature to enhance the practice of computers has become an asserting and amusing area of research. Out of many newly developed algorithms, “IWD” is one of such amusing algorithms that have been developed lately. It is inspired from nature that follows the behaviors of natural water drops, which alter their surroundings in order to locate the shortest route to their destination. The course of actions happens in-between the water drops of a river and the soil of the river’s bed. The exploration work portrayed in this chapter will center around enhancing the execution of zone steering convention by lessening the measure of receptive traffic, which is fundamentally in charge of debased system execution, if there should be an occurrence of extensive systems. The methodology is structured to such an extent that the zone sweep of the system stays unaffected while accomplishing better QOS execution alongside effective memory utilization. This is actualized by utilizing the swarm optimization stationed IWD calculation that plans to accomplish worldwide enhancement, which is very hard to accomplish due to nonlinearity of capacities and multimodality of calculations. Different customary streamlining strategies, such as inclination-based procedures, tree-based calculations, need to manage such issues, so this exploration-based work uses the meta-heuristic calculation; it takes points of interest of firefly calculation to upgrade QOS of mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). For the evaluation and validation of the performance of the proposed algorithm, a set of benchmark functions is being adopted, such as throughput and packet loss ratio, packet delivery ratio, and delay. Simulation results depict a better performance of proposed neoteric IWD algorithm when compared to ZRP and its modified route conglomeration/aggregation methodology.